namespace.yaml(5)

NAME
namespace.yaml - Slurm configuration file for the namespace/linux plugin

DESCRIPTION

namespace.yaml is a YAML-formatted configuration file that defines parameters used by Slurm's namespace/linux plugin. Based on these parameters, the plugin will create the appropriate job-specific namespace(s). The namespace/linux plugin can creates a filesystem namespace and will construct a private (or optionally shared) filesystem namespace and mount a list of directories (defaults to /tmp and /dev/shm) inside it, giving the job a private view of these directories. These paths are mounted inside the location specified by 'base_path' in the namespace.yaml file. It also can create new User and PID namespaces for the job. When the job completes, the namespace is unmounted and all files therein are automatically removed. To make use of these plugins, 'PrologFlags=Contain' must also be present in your slurm.conf file, as shown:
NamespaceType=namespace/linux
PrologFlags=Contain
The file will always be located in the same directory as the slurm.conf. The file must be located in the same directory as slurm.conf. Any text following a "#" in this file is treated as a comment through the end of that line. Changes to the configuration file take effect upon restart of Slurm daemons.

PARAMETERS

namespace.yaml contains the following attributes:

defaults
    Default namespace configuration. If specified this contains the fields described in options.

disable_bpf_token
    If specified this disables the use of bpf tokens in the namespace plugin. Use of this option when ConstrainDevices is set in the cgroup.conf file will result in devices only being constrained at the job level, individual steps won't actually be constrained if requesting fewer devices than the job does. This will also permit ConstrainDevices to work on kernels where bpf tokens are not available.

node_confs
    List of node namespace configurations. The list element attributes are described below.

  node_confs list element definitions

Each node_confs element contains the following attributes:

nodes
    List of node names the options will be applied to.

options
    Namespace configuration options. Specified options will override those set by defaults.

  options definitions

options contains the following attributes:

auto_base_path
    This determines if plugin should create the BasePath directory or not. Set it to 'true' if directory is not pre-created before slurm startup. If set to true, the directory is created with permission 0755. Directory is not deleted during slurm shutdown. If set to 'false' or not specified, plugin would expect directory to exist. This option can be used on a global or per-line basis. When dir_confs is set, any per-directory base_path entries in dir_confs are also created. This parameter is optional.

base_path
    Specify the PATH that the namespace plugin should use as a base to mount the private directories. This path must be readable and writable by the plugin. The plugin constructs a directory for each job inside this path, which is then used for mounting. The base_path gets mounted as 'private' during slurmd start and remains mounted until shutdown. The first "%h" within the name is replaced with the hostname on which the slurmd is running. The first "%n" within the name is replaced with the Slurm node name on which the slurmd is running. Set PATH to 'none' to disable the namespace/linux plugin on node subsets when there is a global setting in defaults. NOTE: The base_path must be unique to each node. If base_path is on a shared filesystem, you can use "%h" or "%n" to create node-unique directories. NOTE: The base_path parameter cannot be set to any of the paths specified by dirs. Using these directories will cause conflicts when trying to mount and unmount the private directories for the job.

clone_ns_script
    Specify fully qualified pathname of an optional initialization script. This script is run after the namespace construction of a job. This script will be provided the SLURM_NS environment variable containing the path to the namespace that can be used by the nsenter command. This variable will allow the script to join the newly created namespace and do further setup work. This parameter is optional.

clone_ns_script_wait
    The number of seconds to wait for the clone_ns_script to complete before considering the script failed. The default value is 10 seconds.

clone_ns_epilog
    Specify fully qualified pathname of an optional epilog script. This script runs just before the namespace is torn down. This script will be provided the SLURM_NS environment variable containing the path to the namespace that can be used by the nsenter command. This variable will allow the script to join the soon to be removed namespace and do any cleanup work. This parameter is optional.

clone_ns_epilog_wait
    The number of seconds to wait for the clone_ns_epilog to complete before considering the script failed. The default value is 10 seconds.

clone_ns_flags
    This contains a list of string flag values. This parameter defines what additional namespaces should be created for the job. Valid values are "CLONE_NEWPID" and "CLONE_NEWUSER" to create new PID and USER namespaces respectively. "CLONE_NEWNS" will also be accepted, but is always on. NOTE: When CLONE_NEWUSER is specified, bpf token support is also required if using ConstrainDevices in cgroup.conf.

dirs
    A comma-separated list of directories to create private mount points for. This parameter is optional and if not specified it defaults to "/tmp,/dev/shm". Mutually exclusive with dir_confs. If both are set, dir_confs will take precedence. NOTE: /dev/shm has special handling, and instead of a bind mount is always a fresh tmpfs filesystem. NOTE: When CLONE_NEWPID is specified, a unique /proc filesystem for the container will be mounted automatically.

dir_confs
    A structured list of per-directory mount configurations. Each entry specifies a path, optional per-directory backing storage, and optional mount options. When set, supersedes dirs. The list element attributes are described in dir_confs list element definitions below. This parameter is optional.

init_script
    Specify fully qualified pathname of an optional initialization script. This script is run before the namespace construction of a job. It can be used to make the job join additional namespaces prior to the construction of /tmp namespace or it can be used for any site-specific setup. This parameter is optional.

shared
    Specifying Shared=true will propagate new mounts between the job specific filesystem namespace and the root filesystem namespace, enable using autofs on the node. This parameter is optional.

user_ns_script
    Specifies the location of a script that will perform the user namespace setup. This script runs first when setting up the namespace. The environment variable "SLURM_NS_PID" is provided to allow constructing the path to the various map files that this script could write to. If not specified, every user and group will be mapped.

  dir_confs list element definitions

Each dir_confs element contains the following attributes:

path
    The target directory to mount privately, e.g. "/tmp". The following substitutions are supported: %j (job ID), %S (SLUID), and %u (username). This parameter is required.

base_path
    Optional per-directory backing storage root. Overrides the global base_path for this mount. A job-specific subdirectory will be created here to back the private mount. Ignored when tmpfs is set. This parameter is optional.

options
    Comma-separated list of mount options. Support is included to pass the following options to the mount command:

    noatime
        Do not update inode access times on this filesystem.

    nodev
        Do not interpret character or block special devices on the filesystem.

    nodiratime
        Do not update directory inode access times on this filesystem.

    noexec
        Do not permit direct execution of any binaries on the mounted filesystem.

    nosuid
        Do not honor set-user-ID and set-group-ID bits or file capabilities when executing programs from this filesystem.

    relatime
        Update inode access times relative to modify or change time.

    ro  Mount the filesystem read-only.

    For tmpfs mounts, additional data options such as size=4g and mode=1777 may also be specified and are passed directly to the kernel. Options not recognized as flags are treated as tmpfs mount data and silently ignored on bind mounts. This parameter is optional. NOTE: tmpfs mounts always have nosuid and nodev applied regardless of this setting.

tmpfs
    If set to true, mounts a fresh tmpfs at this path instead of creating a bind mount backed by the base_path. This parameter is optional.

NOTES

If any parameters in namespace.yaml are changed while slurm is running, then slurmd on the respective nodes will need to be restarted for changes to take effect (scontrol reconfigure is not sufficient). Additionally this can be disruptive to jobs already running on the node. So care must be taken to make sure no jobs are running if any changes to namespace.yaml are deployed. Restarting slurmd is safe and non-disruptive to running jobs, as long as namespace.yaml is not changed between restarts in which case above point applies.

EXAMPLE
---
defaults:
  auto_base_path: true
  base_path: "/var/nvme/storage_0"
  clone_ns_flags:
    - "CLONE_NEWPID"
    - "CLONE_NEWUSER"
    - "CLONE_NEWNS"
  clone_ns_epilog: "/path/to/epilog_script"
  clone_ns_epilog_wait: 10
  clone_ns_script: "/path/to/ns_script"
  init_script: "/path/to/init_script"
  shared: true
node_confs:
  - nodes:
    - "n1"
    - "n[2-4,6]"
    options:
      auto_base_path: true
      base_path: "/var/nvme/storage_1"
      clone_ns_script_wait: 20
      dir_confs:
        - path: "/tmp"
          options: "noexec,nosuid,size=8g"
          tmpfs: true
        - path: "/scratch"
          base_path: "/var/nvme/storage_1"
          options: "noexec,nosuid"
      shared: false
      user_ns_script: "/path/to/user_script"
  - nodes:
    - "n[7-10]"
    options:
      auto_base_path: true
      base_path: "/var/nvme/storage_2"
      init_script: "/etc/slurm/init.sh"

COPYING
Copyright (C) 2025 SchedMD LLC.

This file is part of Slurm, a resource management program. For details, see <https://slurm.schedmd.com/>.

Slurm is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

Slurm is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

SEE ALSO

slurm.conf(5)